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cargo scanning
Cargo scanning or non-intrusive inspection (NII) refers to non-destructive methods of inspecting and identifying goods in transportation systems. It is often used for scanning of intermodal freight shipping containers. In the US it is spearheaded by the Department of Homeland Security and its Container Security Initiative (CSI) trying to achieve one hundred percent cargo scanning by 2012〔("100% Cargo Scanning Passes Congress" article in "FedEx Trade Networks" (Aug. 02, 72007) )〕 as required by the US Congress and recommended by the 9/11 Commission. In the US the main purpose of scanning is to detect special nuclear materials (SNMs), with the added bonus of detecting other types of suspicious cargo. In other countries the emphasis is on manifest verification, tariff collection and the identification of contraband.〔(U.S. Azerbaijan Chamber of Commerce - SAIC'S VACIS(R) Cargo, Vehicle and Contraband Inspection Systems to Be Installed in Azerbaijan )〕 In February 2009, approximately 80% of US incoming containers were scanned.〔 In order to bring that number to 100% researchers are evaluating numerous technologies, described in the following sections.〔http://containproject.com/ CONTAIN - Container Security Advanced Information Networking〕
==Radiography==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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